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The 2023 NEC has many global changes.

The scope of Article 90 has been revised.

UL 1598 is mentioned in NEC Annex A and has several editions.

The scope of Article 100 has been revised.

Wiring in this device box under the sink must be accessible.

This cooktop is one example of a fastened in place appliance.

Weight-Supporting Ceiling Receptacle (WSCR) and a Weight-Supporting Attachment Fitting (WSAF).

This energy storage system uses Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) Batteries.

As long as there is a tag identifying the cable for future use, then the cable is not considered abandoned.

Vehicle loop detectors are typically connected to the load side of a Class 1 power source and are an example of a Class 1 signaling circuit.

Communications circuits are metallic, fiber, or wireless circuits that provide voice/data (and associated power) for communications-related services between communications equipment.

A kitchen &ldquo;counter&rdquo; is different than a &ldquo;work surface&rdquo;.

Regular luminaires that provide normal area lighting but have been equipped with a listed emergency ballast or emergency battery pack are not actually &ldquo;Unit Equipment&rdquo;.

Fault-managed power systems are also referred to as packet energy transfer (PET), Digital Electricity (DE), Pulsed Power, and Smart Transfer Systems.

UL 943C covers Special Purpose Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters.

NEC Section 694.40(A) states that attached metal parts, such as turbine blades and tails that are not &ldquo;likely to become energized&rdquo;, shall not be required to be grounded or bonded.

Notice the differences in circuit terminology between the 2020 and 2023 NEC.

Servicing often encompasses maintenance and repair activities.

Leaving a tool in the wrong place and energizing the equipment can create a short circuit.

All conductors are 250 Kcmil and can carry the same amount of current but notice the differences in the outside diameter.

Unit equipment is a type of battery-equipped emergency luminaire.

A conference room table is a type of Work Surface.

QR codes are an acceptable way to obtain product installation instructions.

Some manufacturers require antioxidant paste at aluminum wire terminations or splices while others do not.

A permanent arc flash label shall be field, or factory applied to service equipment and feeder supplied equipment rated 1000 amperes or more.

Using OEM replacement parts is one option for equipment that requires repair during servicing.

A low-voltage power circuit breaker is an example of equipment permitted by the NEC to be reconditioned (see NEC Section 240.2).

In the 2023 NEC, not only is the circuit source required to be marked, but the &ldquo;location&rdquo; of the circuit source as well.

Electrical equipment doors, in the open position, shall not impede the entry to or egress from the working space.

This inspection would not pass without a level grade, floor, or platform in the work space required for the enclosed panelboard.

Must have one entrance to and egress from the required working space not less than 24 inches wide and 6.5 feet high at each end of the working space.

Does this exit door open to at least 90&deg;?

Notice the roof drain is routed into the required dedicated equipment space for some of the service equipment.

The disconnect switch for this rooftop fan is within 50 feet from the equipment and can be seen while servicing the equipment.

Section 200.6 provides the methods permitted for grounded conductor identification.

If this measurement is within 6 feet from the top inside edge of the bowl of the sink, then listed Class A GFCI protection is required for the receptacle.

This receptacle requires GFCI protection even though it may not be within 6 feet of the sink.

In the 2023 NEC, most dishwashers, electric ranges, wall-mounted ovens, microwave ovens, and counter-mounted cooking units will require GFCI protection.

Branch/Feeder AFCI, Outlet Branch-Circuit-type AFCI, System Combination type AFCI.

LED lighting and other energy efficient systems may benefit from the new allowance to use 10-ampere branch circuits.

Branch circuits are the circuit conductors between the final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet.

10-amp branch circuits are permitted to supply dwelling unit exhaust fans on bathroom or laundry room lighting circuits.

NEC Table 210.24(1).

Before this code change, it could be argued that a receptacle was required on the wall to the right of the range since the wall space behind the range could be included when measuring for receptacles.

The receptacles installed under the cabinets satisfy the required countertop outlets needed within 24 inches of the cook top.

Hazards from having receptacles on islands and peninsulas have made them optional in the 2023 NEC.

At least one 125-volt, single-phase, 15- or 20-ampere receptacle is required within 18 inches of the top of each show window.

The required barrier ensures that no energized terminal is exposed to inadvertent contact by people or equipment while servicing load terminals in the panelboard.

This Type 2 SPD is installed in the feeder supplied panelboard where dwelling unit branch circuits originate.

NEC Article 220 has been reorganized.

The marking or labels REQUIRED BY Section 225.41 shall be located on the outside front of the disconnect enclosure with red background and white text.

Service conductors are NOT permitted to be installed in the same underground box as non-service conductors.

TC-ER Cable suitable for service entrance applications.

Some service disconnecting means configurations permitted in 2023 NEC Section 230.71(B).

New Article 235 covers branch circuits, feeders, and services over 1000 volts ac, 1500 volts dc, nominal.

Molded case circuit breakers are NOT permitted to be reconditioned.

Section 240.6(D) was added to address some of the newer circuit breakers available that have adjustable settings which can be accessed remotely by a computer, smartphone, or tablet.

This new language applies if one or more feeder OCPD&rsquo;s are required to be selectively coordinated with a service overcurrent protective device by other requirements in the NEC.

UL listed fuse reducers.

Section 240.89 requires replacement trip units to be listed for use with the circuit breaker type in which they are installed.

New Article 245 covers overcurrent protection for systems rated over 1000 volts ac (such as this 15kV medium voltage circuit breaker), 1500 volts dc.

Grounding electrode conductors are not permitted to be installed through equipment ventilation openings.

Upgrading to a meter socket enclosure equipped with a main service disconnect can render the existing service conductors as a feeder.

For insulated conductors&rsquo; size 4 AWG and larger, be sure to install the bushing BEFORE the conductors are installed.

NEC Table 300.5(A).

The 6-inch free conductor required at each outlet, junction, and switch point is permitted to be spliced.

New Article 305 provides general requirements for wiring methods and materials for systems rated over 1000 volts ac, 1500 volts dc, nominal which includes medium voltage installations.

If there is &frac34; inch or more spacing between the bottom of the raceway or cable and the rooftop, then no additional temperature adder is required.

If an angle pull, u-pull, or splice of conductors 4 AWG or larger is made in an overcurrent device enclosure, it must comply with Section 314.28(A)(2).

Field installed screws or other fasteners entering cabinets must comply with Section 312.10.

Cabinet covers are not permitted to be homemade.

A connection to a pendant box equipped with a hub shall be made with a listed cord grip attachment fitting marked for use with a threaded hub.

Since the wiring enters the center portion of the rear of a box opposite to the equipment, the minimum clearance shall be increased to 1&frasl;2&rdquo;.

That the term &ldquo;side&rdquo; applies to any wall of a box other than the one opposite the opening.

Article 315 covers Medium Voltage Conductors, Cable, Cable Joints, and Cable Terminations.

Cable protection is required where cables are run across the top of framing members, or across the face of rafters or studding within 7 feet of the floor or horizontal surface.

Type NM and Type NMC cables are now permitted to be used in detached garages of multifamily dwellings permitted to be of Types III, IV, and V construction.

Where conduits are used with NM cables, a bushing is required at each end to protect the cable from abrasion.

The radius of the curve of the inner edge of the bend shall not be less than five times the cable diameter (based on the major diameter dimension for flat cables).

Standard clamps and dies that have not been modified could damage the PVC coatings and shall not be used on PVC-coated Rigid Metal Conduit.

Expansion fittings must be installed above grade when direct buried PVC conduit emerges from the ground and compensation is needed for earth settling or movement, including frost heave.

In the 2023 NEC, Section 358.10(A)(1) was revised to specifically allow EMT in direct burial applications with fittings identified for direct burial.

Flexible bus systems use a flat braided insulated conductor that provides greater flexibility than busduct without the bending radius limitations typical cables have.

Types SH, SHD, and SHD-GC portable power cables must be used from 2000 volts to 25,000 volts.

New Section 404.16 only permits knife switches, switches with butt contacts, and bolted pressure contact switches to be reconditioned.

Some disconnect switches can be opened with a tool while energized.

GFCI and GFPE are not the same. GFPE is for equipment protection and typically designed to trip in the 30 mA or higher range.

Physical protection of floor receptacles must allow the operation of floor-cleaning equipment without damage to receptacles.

The zone where receptacles are not permitted extends to the floor in the 2023 NEC.

There are many different types of tamper-resistant receptacles currently available.

Reconditioned switchboards and switchgear, or sections of switchboards or switchgear, shall be permitted.

The identification shall be included in a circuit directory that is located on the face, inside of, or in an approved location adjacent to the panel door.

In the 2023 NEC, 408.4(B) requires marking on switchboards, switchgear, and panelboards (supplied by a feeder) to indicate where the power originates, as well as its physical location.

Panelboards can be listed with or without an enclosure.

Panelboards shall not be installed in the face-up or face-down position.

In the 2023 NEC, ballasts, LED Drivers, and Lamps were added to the list of lighting equipment NOT permitted to be reconditioned.

Ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans with luminaire (light kit) are not permitted within a zone measured 3 feet horizontally and 8 feet vertically from the top of the bathtub rim or shower stall threshold.

In the 2023 NEC, Part XVII was added to NEC Article 410 to provide minimal requirements for ultraviolet (UV) germicidal irradiation luminaires.

Heating cables and cable sets must be installed no higher than 4 feet above the floor and require both GFCI and AFCI protection.

An example of a Design B Premium Efficient industrial motor.

HVAC equipment not permitted within a zone measured 3 feet horizontally and 8 feet vertically from the top of a bathtub rim or shower stall threshold.

Several changes regarding generator disconnecting means and emergency shutdown.

Switchgear over 1000 volts, as in the image, is covered in Part III of new Article 495.

Areas designated as hazardous (classified) locations as well as those areas determined to be unclassified must be documented on an area classification drawing and other associated documentation.

New Table 13 in Chapter 9 (shown in part) provides one comprehensive table addressing all of the types of protection or protection techniques for hazardous (classified) locations.

The area above hazardous locations in a commercial repair garage requires wiring methods in accordance with NEC Section 511.7(A)(1).

New Article 512 provides requirements for cannabis oil equipment and cannabis oil systems using flammable materials in the plant oil extraction process.

The reconditioning requirements of the NEC does not apply to patient care-related electrical equipment.

The requirements in Part II of Article 517 are NOT applicable to a pharmacy that is not &ldquo;contiguous&rdquo; to a health care facility.

Wiring serving patient care spaces shall comply with the requirements of 517.13(A) and (B).

In the 2023 NEC, the new exception in 517.14 allows the use of an accessible, securely mounted aluminum or copper busbar for the required panelboard bonding.

Tables 220.110(1) and 220.120(2) provide demand factors for receptacles supplied by general purpose branch circuits in specific patient care spaces.

Class 2 circuits that transmit power, data, or both to a powered device are permitted in places of assembly.

The service equipment supplying a floating building, dock, or marina must be located on land no closer than 5 feet horizontally from, and adjacent to the structure served.

Existing equipment that has been damaged must be identified, documented, and repaired by a qualified person.

For branch circuits, listed GFPE, rated not more than 30 milliamperes, shall be provided for shore power receptacles installed in accordance with 555.33(A).

An individual branch circuit is only required for EVSE outlets greater than 16 amperes or 120 volts.

Section 625.42(A) covers installations where an EMS in accordance with 750.30 provides load management of EVSE.

EVPE and bidirectional EVSE incorporating a power export function shall be permitted to be a part of an interconnected power system operating in island mode.

NEC Table 110.28 provides information on the suitability of different enclosure types.

If a pool pump motor in 680.21(C) is replaced or repaired, the replacement or repaired pump motor must be provided with ground-fault protection complying with 680.5(B) or (C), as applicable.

A PV DC Circuit (as used in Article 690) includes any dc conductor in PV source circuits, PV string circuits, and PV dc-to-dc converter circuits.

2023 NEC Section 690.4(G) permits PV equipment where floating on bodies of water.

When wiring PV modules in series the open circuit voltage (VOC) from the PV module nameplate is additive.

Bifacial PV modules can produce power from both sides of the PV module which is beneficial for PV module installations where adjacent building surfaces are highly reflective.

Section 690.8(D) covers the sizing PV system DC circuit conductors when multiple PV string circuits are connected in parallel and protected by a single overcurrent device.

Rapid shutdown not required for the house since the ground mounted PV array DC conductors terminate on the exterior of the house and do not enter it.

Common methods to comply with NEC 690.12(B) include the use of PV equipment with a limited max voltage of 80V as determined by 690.7, PVRSE, PVHCE, or any combination of these.

Correct labeling for PV systems equipped with rapid shutdown is critical for first responders as they arrive and prepare to make their way to the rooftop.

Can you spot any violations?

Be sure the rules used apply to the correct cable tray type.

2023 NEC 690.31(G) covers PV Equipment and wiring methods over 1000 Volts DC.

When PV system circuit conductors leave the vicinity of the PV array, equipment grounding conductors shall comply with 250.134.

Fittings shall be listed for use in wet locations.

In the 2023 NEC, new Section 700.11 provides a good start for introducing new language pertaining to Class-2-powered emergency lighting systems.

Unit equipment is a type of &ldquo;Battery-Equipped Emergency Luminaire&rdquo;, but a &ldquo;Battery-Equipped Emergency Luminaire&rdquo; is NOT a type of &ldquo;Unit Equipment&rdquo;.

Devices that combine control signals with Class 2 emergency power on a single circuit shall be listed as emergency lighting control devices.

The labeling required in 705.10 is now required to indicate the emergency telephone numbers of any off-site entities servicing the power source systems.

Conductors connected between the line side of the service disconnect and the line side of an interconnected power production source disconnecting means are in fact &ldquo;service conductors&rdquo;.

Section 705.12(A)(2)(b) option 2 prohibits an overcurrent device at the load side of the power source connection point from being rated greater than the ampacity of the feeder.

For 1 and 2-family dwellings, the ESS requires an emergency shutdown function with an initiation device located readily accessible outside the building.

New Article 724 covers Class 1 circuits, including power-limited Class 1 remote-control and signaling circuits, that are not an integral part of a device or utilization equipment.

Article 725 covers power-limited circuits, including power-limited remote-control and signaling circuits, that are not an integral part of a device or of utilization equipment.

Fault-managed power systems are also referred to as packet energy transfer (PET), Digital Electricity (DE), Pulsed Power, and Smart Transfer Systems.

The revised language in 2023 is about the conduit length and the connectors are not counted.